|
References
- Apelación sentencia absolutoria y condenatoria, James W.
Monaghan, Martin J. McCauley y Niall Connolly por
Entrenamiento para actividades ilícitas y Uso de documento
público falso. Bogotá: Tribunal Superior de Distrito
Judicial, Sala Penal
(Judges Martha Lucía Tamayo Vélez, Jorge Enrique Torres
Romero, Juan Iván Almaza Latorre), 16 December 2004, 144 pp.
- Colombia Libre - Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia (AUC).
Available online <www.colombialibre.org>, accessed 18 January
2005.
- Email
interviews with Johanna Cortés Conde (20 September 2005),
Caitríona Ruane (21 October 2005), and Maria Alejandra
Gonzalez Perez (19 January 2006). Telephone conversation with
a spokesperson for the Colombian Embassy in London (18 January
2005).
- Freedom
Institute, The
Colombia Three. Last
updated
9 August 2005.
Available online <http://www.freedominst.org/2005/08/colombia-three.html>,
accessed 5 January 2005.
- Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia - Ejército del
Pueblo (FARC-EP).
Available
online <www.farcep.org>, accessed 18 January 2005.
- Online news
services BBC News, BBC Mundo, Colombia
Journal, El Espectador, El Tiempo, The
Express News, The Irish Echo, The Irish Examiner,
The Irish Times, Semana.com, The Sunday
Business Post, The Guardian, from August 2001 to
January 2006.
- Departamento Nacional de Planeación - República de Colombia,
Balance del Plan Colombia (17 September 2003).
Available online <http://www.colombiaemb.org/opencms/opencms/plancolombia/documents.html>,
accessed
30 January
2006.
- Ruane,
Caitríona (ed.),
Colombia:
Judge for Yourself
(Dublin: Bring Them Home Campaign, 2003). Available online <http://www.bringthemhome.ie>,
accessed
5 January
2005.
- US Navy
NPS, Terrorist Group Profiles. Last updated 11 May
2005. Available online <http://library.nps.navy.mil/home/tgp/farc.htm>,
accessed 9 January 2005.
Notes
[1] FARC-EP website.
[2] Holmes, Jennifer S. and Sheila Amin Gutiérrez de
Piñeres, 'The Illegal Drug Industry. Violence and the
Colombian Economy: A Department Level Analysis' in Bulletin
of Latin American Research, 25:1 (January 2006), pp.
104-118.
[3] In Colombian Spanish, 'Los tres monos' translates as
'The three blondes' (without gender connotations).
[4] The account of the arrest and trial was taken from the
Appeals Court sentence of 16 December 2004. Page numbers of
the sentence are indicated between brackets.
[5] Referring to intelligence in his possession, the Irish
Minister for Justice, Michael McDowell, divulged that the IRA
was to be paid between €20 million and €30 million by FARC for
this service. The money had been raised by FARC through the
organisation’s dealings in the global cocaine trade (The
Irish Times, 23 January 2006).
[6] The Guildford Four (Paul Hill, Gerry Conlon,
Patrick Armstrong and Carole Richardson) were wrongly
convicted in the United Kingdom in October 1975 of the
Provisional IRA's Guildford pub bombing which killed five and
injured sixty-five people. They served over fifteen years in
prison.
[7] Alejandra Gonzalez's account of the Colombian presence
in Ireland is very interesting. The largest group of
Colombians is located in Dublin, and she estimates the total
number at about 300. Twice a year, Colombian gatherings are
organised in Dublin, generally around Christmas and for
Colombian Independence Day (July 20th). Also, there is a
Colombian Catholic priest in Dublin who says mass in Spanish,
and this is well attended by the Colombian community. There
are several Colombian women married to Irish men, along with
Colombian engineers working in the information technology
industry. Gonzalez considers Irish society to be more open
than that of Colombia in terms of class, race, religion and
sexual orientation, but she complains about the misty, grey
and rainy weather of the west of Ireland.
[8] The embassy of Colombia in London is responsible for
diplomatic relations with the UK and Ireland.
[9] Two observers described the affair using the loaded
appellation 'The Colombia Three', including
Niall Andrews, Irish Member of the European Parliament ('the
trial of the Colombia Three'), and Des Bonass, Executive of
the Dublin Council of Trade Unions ('visit of Columbia [sic]
Three') (Ruane 2003: 19, 32).
[10] However, the media also reported on the resolution
adopted by the European Parliament on violations of human
rights in Colombia, particularly the case of Fr. Brendan Forde
and his community of La Unión (7 September 2000). This is but
one example of official criticism from a governmental body
regarding the action of paramilitary groups. In the session of
18 October 2000 of Dáil Éireann (the Irish lower house of
parliament), the then Minister for Foreign Affairs Brian Cowen
was questioned on this same issue (Vol. 524).
[11] Vargas Llosa,
Mario, 'De la mano de la "izquierda boba". Asoma en la región
un nuevo racismo: indios contra blancos' in La Nación
(Buenos Aires), 20 January 2006.
[12] Todorov, Tzvetan,
Mémoire du mal, tentation du bien: Enquête sur le siècle
(Paris: Éditions Robert Laffont, 2000).
[13] It is the men not
the priests who grow the orange trees.
Renaud Séchan, La ballade Nord-Irlandaise in 'Marchand
de caillaux' (1991). |
